E-ISSN:2319-3050

Research Article

Sports and Youth

International Journal of Research Padagogy and Technology in Education and Movement Sciences

2022 Volume 11 Number 1 JAN-MAR
Publisherwww.theuniversityacademics.com

Investigating The Major Problems That Affect The Development Of Youth Volleyball Projects: In The Case Of Lemo Worda Hadiya Zone

Kabamo S.1, Hundito B.2*
DOI:

1 Sisay Kabamo, Sports experts and National Level Football referee, Msc inVolleyball coaching, Wachemo University, Hossana, , Ethiopia.

2* Biruk Hundito, Assistant Professor, Department of sports sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, , Ethiopia.

The general objective of the study was to investigating factors that affect the development of youth volleyball project in case of Lemo worda in Hadiya zone. To this effect, the researcher was used the descriptive survey method which is strongly believed to be the most appropriate for addressing the intended purpose of this study. The research populations include volleyball coaches, sport administrator officer from Hadiya zone and Lemo woreda and volleyball players. Total population are 4 coaches, 40 volleyball players, 12 sports office administrative respondents were select from the study site with simple random sampling. Four instruments such as questionnaire, interview, observation and document analysis were used to gather the data. The descriptive analysis of the data was analyzed by using both qualitative and quantitative methods, such as frequency counts, percentage, mean, standard deviation chart and descriptive statements. The findings of the study indicated that the following major problems were dominant in the Lemo wored youth volleyball sport projects: less emphasis given to the value of sport in general and youth volleyball development in particular, by the general public, the investors and sport officers at all levels, absence of transparent and accountable administration, lack of cooperation among the concerned stallholders, very low popular participation, absence of permanent fund for the projects, lack of sufficient volleyball courts in the area and less emphasis given to even the existing ones, lack of trained sport professionals that could supplement the problems man power in woreda levels, less access and opportunity or available structure that could invite the private investors to attract to. As a general solution to the identified problems greater emphasis has to be given to the youth volleyball project in the area so that it could be possible to recruit adult players in the near future and this could also be a fundamental base for the sustainability of the major adult volleyball project in the Woreda.

Keywords: Development, Volleyball, Projects, Investigation and Factors

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Biruk Hundito, Assistant Professor, Department of sports sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, , Ethiopia.
Email: 		Sisay Kabamo, Biruk Hundito, Investigating The Major Problems That Affect The Development Of Youth Volleyball Projects: In The Case Of Lemo Worda Hadiya Zone. IJEMS. 2022;11(1):19-.
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Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2021-10-23 2021-11-03 2021-11-23 2021-12-16 2022-12-30
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© 2022by Sisay Kabamo, Biruk Hunditoand Published by The University Academics. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

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Kabamo S.:Investigating Major Problems Development Youth Volleyball

Introduction

Volleyball is one of the most widely played sports in addition to football and basketball. It has become a very popular sport globally over the last 30 years. The International Federation of Volleyball represents about 150 million people played in approximately 170 countries. The Volleyball World Championship was started in 1974 for men by the FIVB and is now run every four years. Three years later, the women’s version was added to the championship Stasinopoulos and Verhagen et al., (2004).

The modern volleyball is highly specialized in almost all the major skills of Volleyball. It is a sport for young and old for men and women. The character of Volleyball game is entirely different than that of other sports discipline. Rotation system is a unique feature that differentiates Volleyball from other sports. During game the object of every player team is to send the ball over the net in order to ground it on the opponent’s court and to prevent the same effort by the opponent. In modern sports games, where accuracy, precision and speed of movement decide about the win, co-ordination of motor abilities becomes more and more important, if not crucial. After all, a part from the necessary movement control, they determine the effectiveness of performed activities and technical and tactical action. The importance of coordination motor abilities, physical fitness and anthropometric characteristics in relation in individual players‟ achievements during a game becomes a subject of numerous studies in volleyball. Now the volleyball is game of power and tactics and is played at a faster pace and this call sharper thinking, high standard of skills and technical application. There are very fast action and accuracy in performance of technique and tactics which are the demand of present game. A team can only reach top level. Shodhgongotri, (2004) .

The game of Volleyball has a potential to make a cohesive spirit among nations (society) with each other like football, handball, basketball and also it builds up the fitness and the overall health conditions of a society and individuals. This is the main benefit for government, because without health and wellbeing people not possible to think about development, to protect one nation’s serenity and defend the externals‟ forces attack. So, wellbeing and healthy people is the base for one nation and government

to be wealthy and productive. So, there should be an integral part in both Sport and administration or government, this integration is that support administrators to promote sport in different aspects. The government and sport administrators were supporting sports in many ways.  In fact, in many developing countries like Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Somalia and like other developed countries are not equally afford materials and facilities and not play the role to contribute that are needed to promote and grow sports in different areas.

According to IOC Sport Manual (2010) states that ; the support given by the public authorities and the technical and financial resources provided for sport development can vary widely depending on the political choices, level of development and priorities in different countries. Whereas sport contributes for government are obvious; creating socialization among societies, promote health and wellbeing individuals in a country through physically, mentally, socially and spiritually.

The recent study indicated that, lack of annual budget, lack of empowerment of the profession , lack of training for the coach and referee in volleyball sport and the concerned bodies give less attention to the sport instead of only thinking of football are some of the major problems that hinder the development of volleyball sport in the woreda. Even though the attitude of the community towards to volleyball sport in Hadiya zone lemo woreda is great, the participant and the competition in the sport are lowered from time to time. In some school compound even the physical education teacher less attention to organize and play volleyball sport and they are not encourage the students towards to volleyball sport. Lack of sport budget in the school leads to lack of volleyball materials. Even if the volleyball project was opened, the federation and concerning body commitment to the development of the project is less which leads to slow down the effectiveness of the volleyball project in Lemo woreda.

For future to growth volleyball, actions should be taken by governments’ educational authorities to volleyball sport game provide accessible recreational and sports facilities and established and strengthen other sensitive programs for both sex of all ages in school education, community institutions and support the advancement of volleyball competition in all area of zones sport competitions.


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Kabamo S.:Investigating Major Problems Development Youth Volleyball

Objective of the Study

To investigating factors that affects the development of youth volleyball project in the case of Lemo worda in Hadiya zone.

Materials and Methods

Volley ball is one of the most popular games in the world. This game is also popular in our country. The general objective of the study was to investigating factors that affect the development of youth volleyball project in case of Lemo worda in Hadiya zone and to recommend the possible solutions accordingly. To this effect, the researcher was used the descriptive survey method which is strongly believed to be the most appropriate for addressing the intended purpose of this study. The research populations include volleyball coaches, sport administrator officer from Hadiya zone and Lemo woreda and volleyball players. Total population are 4 coaches,  40 volleyball players, 12 sports office administrative  respondents were select from the study site with simple random sampling. The data was collected such as questionnaire, interview, observation and document analysis were used to gather the data.  The descriptive analysis of the data was analyzed by using both qualitative and quantitative methods, such as frequency counts, percentage, mean, standard deviation chart and descriptive statements.

Result

     № Item Alternatives № of Respondents  Players
      F % M SD
  1 Do you have sufficient volleyball courts for training Strongly agree 5 12.5 5 -
Agree 10 25 10 -
Neutrally 9 22.5 9 -
Disagree  13 32.5 13 -
Strongly disagree 3 7.5 3 -
  2 Do you have enough facilities during your training session Strongly agree 2 5 3.5 2.1213
Agree 8 20 9 1.4142
Neutrally 12 30 10.5 2.1213
Disagree
16 40 14.5 2.1213
Strongly disagree 2 5 2.5 0.7011
3 Does your project have qualified and experienced coach Strongly agree 4 10 3.67 1.5275
Agree 6 15 8 2
Neutrally 9 22.5 10 1.732
Disagree 17 42.5 15.3 2.082
Strongly disagree 4 10 3 1
4 Have you get encouragement from your zone sport office  during your championship session Strongly agree - - 2.75 2.217
Agree 7 17.5 7.75 1.708
Neutrally 20 50 12.5 5.196
Disagree 10 25 14 3.1622
Strongly disagree 3 7.5 3 0.8165

The respondents were asked the question” Do you have sufficient volleyball courts for training?” accordingly, as indicated from table 2 item number 1 5(M = 5), 10 (M = 10) of the respondents of volleyball players respectively they were agree, 9(M = 9) they said that neutrally and the remaining 13(M = 13) and 3(M= 3)of participants response were disagree and there is no sufficient training court which in turn might have significant consequence on the development of youth volleyball projects. From this the researcher conclude that majority of players were playing in the deficiency of sufficient volleyball courts (services and techniques) for training. This, by far, would have its own impact on the development of youth volleyball projects in Hadiya zone Lemo woreda.

As can be seen on the above table 2, 16(M = 14.5, SD = 2.1213) and 2(M = 2.5, SD = 0.70711) of respondents respectively disagree they have reported as “there was no sufficient facility and equipments during training session”. Every training need facility which could increase the productivity of the training but if those things are not sufficient enough the probability to be successful on the program or training will be low and the same is true in volleyball, 12(M= 10.5, SD = 2.1213) of the respondents they replied that neutrally


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Kabamo S.:Investigating Major Problems Development Youth Volleyball

have facilities and equipment’s for training and the rest 2(M = 3.5, SD =2.121) and 8( M = 9, SD = 1.414) of respondents  agreed have reported as the availability of sufficient facilities and equipment during the training but still it needs significant improvement on it since its availability is below average. Finding which might go with this stated that, different pieces of equipments are needed during volleyball training session. Dewitt J. (2001:55) states that, “You may find it convenient to own your own equipments. Regardless of your situation, basic sources equipment and facilities will make teaching and coaching easier.” Therefore, to make the training session effective through the application of different technical-tactical skills it is mandatory to consider the basic training equipments and facilities.

The participants were also asked to a question” Does your club have qualified and experienced coach? ”. From the 40 participants, 4(M = 3.6667, SD = 1.527) and 6(M = 8, SD = 2) of them have responded agree, 9(M = 10, SD = 1.73205) of them they said that neutrally have qualified and experienced coach and 17(M =15.33, SD = 2.08167) and 4(M = 3, SD =1) of respondents have answered as their club have no qualified and experienced coaches. This numerical data would tell us most of coaches working in different projects found in Hadiya zone are less qualified. This much is not enough to come up with youth volleyball project development in the zone Lemo wored. In relation to this the research finding by Wade (1997) found that in order for coaching to be effective the coach must exhibit a number of qualities. Among this Wade has outlines the following qualities any coach should have;                                    

  • Leadership and intelligence
  •  Analytical ability
  • Confidence and decisiveness
  •  Integrity and reliability
  •  Vision and imagination
  • Coping with unpleasantness
  • Organization and administration
  •  Enthusiastic approach

The next item provided for the sample players was, “Have you get encouragement from your zone sport office during your championship

session” 7(M = 7.75, SD = 1.70783) of the participant respondents were agree, 20(M = 12.5, SD = 5.196) they said neutrally get encouragements  and 10(M = 14,SD = 3.16228) and 3(M = 3, SD = 0.8165) of the participant volleyball project players respectively were responded disagree and there was no get encouragements during championship by the entire participant. It can be very easy to understand here that lack of financial, technical and other form of assistance particularly during championship period is by far the major challenge that could impede the youth volleyball project development of in the study area.

Volleyball Coaches’ Response

Table 2. Regarding to volleyball coaches’ response

№ Item Alternatives   № of Respondents  Players
F % M SD
  1 Did you prepare planning before you start training session Strongly agree - - - -
Agree 2 50 2 -
Neutrally 1 25 1 -
Disagree 1 25 1 -
Strongly disagree - - -  
  2 On which schedule plan would you give more attention Strongly agree 1 25 0.5 0.7071
Agree - - - -
Neutrally 1 25 1 1.4142
Disagree 2 50 1.5 0.707
Strongly disagree - - - -
3 Do you have coaching licenses in volleyball Strongly agree - - - -
Agree 1 25 1 1
Neutrally 3 75 1.667 1.667
Disagree - - - -
Strongly disagree - - - -
4 Had you been volleyball player before you begun coaching Strongly agree - - - -

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Agree - - - -
Neutrally 1 25 1.5 1
Disagree 3 75 1.5 1.29
Strongly disagree - - - -
5 Does your project have owner’s / sponsorship/ Strongly agree - - - -
Agree - - - -
Neutrally 4 100 2 1.5811
Disagree - - - -
Strongly disagree - - - -
6 Does you trainer get appropriate nutrition from the project Strongly agree - - - -
Agree - - - -
Neutrally - - - -
Disagree 4 100 2.333 1.633
Strongly disagree - - - -
7 Did you get payment (salary) from your project Strongly agree - - - -
Agree - - - -
Neutrally 2 50 1.143 1.069
Disagree 2 50 2.286 1.496
Strongly disagree - - - -
8 Have you get incentives from your projects Strongly agree - - - -
Agree - - - -
Neutrally - - - -
Disagree 4 100 2.5 1.5119
Strongly disagree - - - -

According to table 5 items 1, 2 (M = 2) of the respondent coaches have prepared planning before they start training session. On contrast, 1(M= 1) of them responded that they have neutrally do plan and the remaining 1(M = 1) of them cannot done plan. In line with this, majority 2(M = 1.5, SD = 0.70711) of them have prepared daily and 1(M = 0.5, SD = 0.70711) and 1(M = 1, SD = 1.414) of them respectively said that they have given more attention to their annual and monthly plan. This

indicates that most of them were good in planning for their training. In different scientific findings it is stated that coaches’ planning as vital issue in volleyball. Of different findings, a finding by Parks (2000), stated planning as ‘… a written document that guides you and your athletes through training and competition…It is a rational attempt at identifying…how all of the bits of training fit together to produce peak performance(s) at appropriate times, and it identifies what needs to be evaluated and monitored, in judging whether we are on-track to achieving our goals.

In addition, the table shows the status of license in volleyball coaching, 1(M = 1, SD = 1) of the participant respondents have license and the rest 3(M =1.6667, SD = 1.667) of them neutrally in coaching license. To this end, even though majority 3(M= 1.5, SD = 1.29099) of the respondents coaches had not experience in playing volleyball before the start coaching and the remaining 1 (M = 1.5, SD = 1) of them had neutrally experience in playing volleyball before the start coaching. From this a researcher concludes that lack of license and volleyball playing experience before start to coaching is one of the influencing problems of volleyball developments.

Regarding the youth volleyball project development sponsorship/ownership/, 4(M= 2, SD = 1.58114) all of the participant coaches responded that their projects has no ownership/sponsorship. Walliser (2003) describes sponsorship as “a business relationship between a corporation and an individual, event or organization that is based on an exchange relationship between the sponsor and the sponsored, and where marketing communication objectives are pursued through associations” (Cited in Tsiotsou, 2011, p. 557). Therefore, it is clear that if clubs are getting sponsored, money from that will directly or indirectly affect the youth volleyball sport project development in the study area.

As to the responses gathered from open-ended questions asked having volleyball project around one’s village, some of the respondents they have few projects organized by amateur coaches in volunteers. Majority of the respondents they said no organized projects in their town why because the concerned bodies does not focus to develop youth volleyball projects such a way, that there is a lack of project in their surroundings. This can affect acceptability of youth volleyball projects development.


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Coaches were asked to respond regarding whether their trainers can get nutrition easily after each training session or not, according to the respondents  all of coaches responded that they has not trainers get nutrition. This implies that youth volleyball projects at Hadiya zone Lemo woreda should work more on it since nutrition is the most important thing in volleyball sport in particular and all sports in general.

Based on items 7, 2(M = 1.143, SD = 1.069) of the projects did neutrally provide salary for coaches and didn’t also provide payment or salary for their coaches. Whereas only one 4(M = 2.5, SD = 1.51186) of the respondents response indicated that is not giving incentive to its coach. This suggests that incentives, facilities as well as sponsorship opportunities were low in Hadiya zone Lemo woreda youth volleyball project development and it needs emphasis, form the stallholders and donors, for this sector so as to see and attract many elite players and investors for volleyball in this study area.

Chart 1. The interest of trainers towards volley ball development

As it is state in the chart that the interest of the trainers is somewhat low. Lightly speaking, 1(M = 0.4, SD = 0.69921) of the coaches responded that the interest of the trainers is medium, where as another 3(M = 1.4, SD = 1.26491) of the participant respondents they said that their interest is low. This indicates that there has to be a great effort to bring the needs of those with low motives. This might be done by mitigating the factors which made those trainers dispirited, among others, providing the necessary incentives, which is major problem of youth volleyball sport project development in Hadiya zone Lemo woreda.

For instances, the coaches of 3(M =1.5455, SD = 1.29334) of the participant responded were neutrally encouragement and the remaining 1(M= 2, SD = 1.54919) of them they said that there is no encouragement from Hadiya zone and Lemo woreda sport office at the time of their championship session. This is one of the major reasons why the most of the coaches rated youth volleyball project development in Hadiya zone Lemo woreda at very low level. From this a researcher concluded that lack of encouragement is one of the influencing problems of volleyball project developments.

According to the above table of the coaches rated that volleyball development in Hadiya Zone Lemo woreda is low. This indicates that a lot of home works should are laid aside for the sport office, the donors and all the stallholders at all levels so as to attract many players and develop that current status of youth volleyball project development in Hadiya zone Lemo woreda. Finally coaches were asked to suggest some possible means to address the interests of players and coaches and bring youth volleyball projects development in Hadiya zone Lemo woreda. Their response is summarized in the following manner:

  • Establishing clear and effective follow up, monitoring and evaluation procedures
  • Allocating enough budget which is needed for volleyball sport
  • Helping and encouraging investors to invest in the area.
  • Facilitating regular capacity building trainings at different levels
  • Employing sport experts

Discussion

The research was conducted to investigating the major problems that affect the development of youth volleyball project in case of Lemo worda some selected three projects (Belesa, Jawe and Sadamo) in Hadiya zone  to suggest the appropriate solutions to solve the problem.  Therefore, to promote the growth of volleyball Sport in the Hadiya zone Lemo Woreda and nation the government and sports administrative bodies are the one and the primary bodies to take an action. 

Moreover, the purpose of this study was to deal with those problems that have affected the growth of youth volleyball project sport in Lemo woreda selected projects and to indicate possible solutions. Similarly, In order to achieve intended objectives the procedures that followed are relevant literatures were reviewed, both primary and secondary sources of data were used for the study. Secondary data were obtained through analysis of documents. Primary data was gained from the key respondents at sport administrative from office, volleyball coaches and volleyball players questioners were prepared and distributed to the sample respondents, interview and observations were made and those collected data were interpreted


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Kabamo S.:Investigating Major Problems Development Youth Volleyball

and analyzed. A total of 56 respondents; that was 12 sport office administrative from Hadiya zone and Lemo woreda, four volleyball coaches and 40 volleyball players from Lemo wored projects were participated as respondents in this study.  A descriptive survey research design was be employed with the assumption that it was help to identify the factors that affect youth volleyball sport project development in Lemo woreda Hadiya zone

The study were employed both quantitative and qualitative research approach and it was conducted in obtained the information from the questionnaires were analyzed and interpreted by using percentage, frequency, mean, standard deviation, chart and descriptive statements. Whereas, the data gathered through observations and interview were analyzed by descriptive statements to strengthen the conclusion that obtained from questionnaires and then based on the data analysis the following major findings were obtained:-

Similarly, the finding concerning the challenges faced in development of youth volleyball project players in Hadiya zone Lemo woreda, as it could be seen from majorities of both player, sport office administrative and coach respondents the development of youth volleyball sport in the zone is low and hereunder respondents have listed feasible factors which were accountable for low improvement of youth volleyball sport.

Shortage of facilities and sport related equipments during the training session.

Lack of volleyball court to make training

Lack of skilled and trained volleyball sport experts and officials who can provide professional support during training session.

Lack of working in team, coordination and organization among different sport experts on the issues related volleyball project.

Absence of payment and incentives

Lack of societal awareness on the youth volleyball profession. In addition, due to lack of awareness of societies and different stakeholders like investors the projects are still owned by no one which in turn would result all of the aforementioned factors meaningful.

Almost all of the participants have replied that the contribution of sport administrative bodies

on the growth of volleyball sport when comparing with other sport some time the sport administrative has not good attitude for youth volleyball sport projects developments when comparing with other sports.

The annual project competition programs for volleyball sports were very few.

Even though the government constructs volleyball courts in the study area, the number of courts and material facilities are less as compare to the expecting training and competition.

Conclusion and Recomendations

Less emphasis given to the value of youth volleyball sport in general and in particular for projects. The investors and sport officers at all levels, absence of transparent and accountable of administration.

Absence of long term and permanent fund for the projects and lack of sufficient volleyball courts in the area and less emphasis given to even the existing ones.

Lack of trained sport professionals that could supplement the problems man power from zone to woreda levels, less access and opportunity or available structure that could invite the private investors to attract to the sector.

In line with the ownership of the youth volleyball projects, majority of projects in the study area had no owner which indirectly implies that there is less monitoring and evaluation system, which has to be improved as this is one of the major determinant problems for the development of the volleyball projects. As the study result showed almost all players had no any kind of incentives from the concerned bodies or investors and this could potentially endanger the strength and mission of the projects.

Limited number of coaches and even lack of professional competencies among them was also another core problem raised by the participants of the study. Hence, the number and their educational status have to be increased so that development of youth volleyball projects can easily be achieved in Hadiya zone Lemo woreda.

As it has been mentioned by the respondents, the current status of youth volleyball project development in the study area is very


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low and this is attributed by several problem which have been summarized in to position and office structure related, administrative and benefit related and material and skill man power related problems. These problems are highly interconnected and have to be approached in systematic ways by giving primary emphasis to the problem which needs urgent solution.

 

Based on the findings of the study, the following are the possible recommendation which might improve the development of youth volleyball sport projects in Hadiya zone Lemo wored.

There should be unreserved commitment of the zone and woreda sport offices together with the general public and investors by creating awareness for the value of volleyball sport. This could be achieved through introducing fundamental structural changes in the administration system by giving greater focus to human resource increment and facilitating the techniques of improving the material and financial power of the projects.

Among the rooted problems, as indicated by this research, less emphasis given to the services and equipment as well as poor nutrition has to be immediately revised. This could be done throng creating awareness and working hard in the fund raising motion and possibly introducing different techniques for income generating activities.

All concerned bodies should exert unreserved effort to create suitable environment to attract newly emerging members and retain the available elite players.

The existing volleyball court should improve to be comfortable for players and maximum effort has to be made by the zone and woreda sport office to increase the number and fulfill facilities for the available courts

Greater emphasis has to be given to the youth volleyball projects developments in the area and this could also be a fundamental base for the sustainability of the major adult volleyball projects in the zone.

Lastly, lack of high grade positions and competitive salary are contributing a lot to the high turnover of sport professionals. Over and above, woreda and zonal level offices should establish clear

and effective follow up, monitoring and evaluation procedures, allocate enough budgets which are needed for youth volleyball sport, facilitate regular capacity building trainings, especially more emphasis has to be given to upgrade the license for volleyball coaches at different levels.

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